With that, we could collect some data, wave our hands, and make an estimate on the error bars. The USB firmware has a schedule with slots for the Gizmo. (I don't know the USB details, so this is a bit handwavy.) You can get synced with the USB schedule by doing a read. Then pause a bit, do a write, then a read.

If you think it through, you can make a first rough estimate, and correct it step-wise, making sure the ripple rules is properly applied. Operating in de-composed form isn't all that hard. It is however important to make test-benches that can check the dates over a wide range of years.

A more sophisticated variant of this, uses an I part with a smaller time constant first to reduce the residual error, then estimates from its internal state the state of the real I part and switches over to that.

The shielding factor of a large-volume three-layer Mumetal ® room was estimated to increase by a factor of 30, thus confirming the feasibility of shaking in magnetic shields. The shaking parameters, amplitude, and frequency are not critical according to the experiments.

Looking at charts for AT, BT, IT and SC cuts we could estimate frequency offset for room temperature and those spoke to confirm. Naturally, this was ovenized. TCXOs do not do the same thing as they are compensated, and most generally AT cut as far as I know.

Both have stability figures over 1ppm/yr., and to my estimations/calculatiuon, this is mainly due to the instability of the amplifier resistors. The ref. amplifiers themselves, using buried zener diodes, have an easy potential instability of < 0.3ppm/yr. Therefore, the 7001 did not have an advantage over the 732B in this aspect.

That might not be > a problem but I wouldn't be surprised if this catches a lot of people > out (including me) when not pausing to do the mental arithmetic to > estimate the error.

I'm very interested in a drift estimation model for these relative measurements, equivalent to the Three Cornered Hat method of the time-nuts. Frank

But that adds up to a lot: an estimated 60,000 slaves, right here in America."

I would conservatively estimate 5,000 birds. Very little variety though, as the only thing different I was able to pick out in my brief scan were a couple of Spotted Sandpipers. The gates will be open until at least 6 PM today and again tomorrow. I'm not sure what sort of coverage we will have over the weekend as I can't make it down here.