Jaldehag, Passive Utilization of the TWSTFT Technique, Proc EFTF (2018) does mention "by a GPS ICD [7] compatible Kepler model, which is estimated using iterative nonlinear least squares" which does not tell me much on the technical challenges, with the paper just going on with results but no way to reproduce the actual computations (of course). [7] is a general

You can estimate the crystal current by measuring the RF voltage across the 15pF cap in the oscillator circuit and estimate/measure the varactor and trimmer capacitors. Alternatively, temporarily replace all these caps with a 33pF cap connected from the inductor in series with crystal and ground. 33pf has a reactance of ~500 ohm at 10MHz.

. >>>>> >>>>> Oh, and only use ADEV, MDEV and TDEV to estimate random noises, system noises as they show up there should be estimated separately and removed from the random noise estimates. They have *way* different behaviors. >>>> >>>> … and this is where it gets complicated.

You can't a priori estimate ionospheric delays with any meaningful accuracy. Even the GPS Klobuchar model for single-frequency C/A on average only remove half the shift. Dual frequency observation does that up front. Cheers, Magnus

This was clearly a case where the agent listened to the circumstances, listened also to the original estimators who were familiar with the cost of things and also were willing to talk with owner and mechanic about what had gone on there, and they paid accordingly.

I don't have power curves but I would estimate this to be around 25 hp output. This engine would drive my boat to hull speed at around 1700 rpms ( probably around 14 or 15 hp. In real world cruising the average fuel burn was 0.82 gph for a speed of 6.0 knots. Converted to MPG this works out to 7.3 nmpg.

And at Lock 11 on the Erie, I needed to mail out my Federal Estimated Tax payments on September 15th, and Cindy the lock keeper there said "I'm busy right now, but here, just take my car into town and mail it at the post office". Just wow! Later at Little Falls, we met the owners of a commercial tug named National, and went to dinner with them.

The current charging system was listed on the survey as: (ALTERNATOR): One 60 amp alternator (estimated), belt driven on each engine. CHARGING SYSTEM (BATTERY CHARGER): Lewco model 1240 forty-amp charger. BATTERIES: Carquest size 4D batteries (2), and one Autocraft group 24 battery for the genset.

For example, if asked to estimate which change saves the most gas, going from a car that gets 15 MPG to one that gets 20 MPG, from a car that gets 20 MPG to one that gets 30 MPG, or from one that gets 30 MPG to one that gets 44 MPG (a Prius). Most people chose the change form 30 MPG to 44 MPG as saving the most gas when, in fact, it saved the least.

For example, if I were to do the loop in my boat, I estimate I would require about 2,000 gallons of fuel. At $2.00 per gallon, that would amount to $4,000. At $5.00 per gallon, the cost would be $10,000 or a difference of $6,000. Assuming an on-the-water cruising time of about 200 days, that would require an extra $30 a day.