This estimate is confirmed by careful fuel consumption measurements kept over several years. The best speed I have ever gotten under sail alone in a beam wind is 5 kts. It takes approximately 8.2 hp. to move the boat at this speed under power.

One estimate showed a weight penalty of 100% and a cost of at least twice that of a mechanical system. But what of the recent advances in electric traction motor technology as exemplified by the new wave of hybrid automobiles?

Estimates to repair this problem range from $10k to $15K or more." Mervyn Carr, CPIM GE Water and Process Technologies I.T.

This estimate was confirmed by careful fuel consumption measurements kept over several years. The best speed I had ever gotten under sail alone in a beam wind was 5 kts. It took approximately 8.2 hp. to move the boat at this speed under power. Sailboat designers estimate that sails can produce about 1 hp. for each 27 sq. ft. of area under good conditions.

USNO provides the calibration values being transmitted over GPS such that the UTC(GPS)-UTC(USNO) difference can be estimated and corrected for by user equipment. Precision users use other methods.

Of course I could just estimate everything and run open loop but you don't get to microseconds that way. I said "photosensor" for feedback but maybe something else will work, perhaps yu measure current on the common anode or do both.

We can, for instance, use the last 10,000 1pps tick latched values to estimate the future clock rate and drift (essentially what GPSDO algorithms do). Or, we can be simple: use the delta between two successive ticks as the estimate of the clock rate, assume it's unchanging, and go from there.

Another is to estimate the drift, remove the drift and then do the Allan deviation on that. One should be careful thought, because drift removal also tends to consume some of the noise, because the drift estimation is sensitive to long-term noise. > > Next up is the fact ( documented in a number of papers starting back in > the 1960’s.

[INFO] [0/Radio#0] CODEC loopback test passed [INFO] [0/DmaFIFO#0] BIST passed (Estimated Minimum Throughput: 1361 MB/s) [INFO] [0/DmaFIFO#0] BIST passed (Estimated Minimum Throughput: 1361 MB/s) [WARNING] [RFNOC::BLOCK_FACTORY] Could not find block with Noc-ID 0xde30, 0xffff ----------------------------------------------------------------------------

The result is an estimate of the offset of both clocks with respect to the time scale used in processing. Subtracting the offsets yields an estimate of the difference between the two clocks, with most of the effects due to time scale jumps removed. 3.